SB 2.10.46: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Srimad-Bhagavatam - Canto 02 Chapter 10]] | |||
[[Category:Bhagavatam Verses Spoken by Sukadeva Gosvami - Vanisource|021046]] | |||
<div style="float:left">'''[[Srimad-Bhagavatam]] - [[SB 2|Second Canto]] - [[SB 2.10: Bhagavatam Is the Answer to All Questions|Chapter 10: Bhagavatam Is the Answer to All Questions]]'''</div> | |||
<div style="float:right">[[File:Go-previous.png|link=SB 2.10.45]] '''[[SB 2.10.45]] - [[SB 2.10.47]]''' [[File:Go-next.png|link=SB 2.10.47]]</div> | |||
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==== TEXT 46 ==== | ==== TEXT 46 ==== | ||
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ayaṁ tu brahmaṇaḥ kalpaḥ | :ayaṁ tu brahmaṇaḥ kalpaḥ | ||
savikalpa udāhṛtaḥ | :savikalpa udāhṛtaḥ | ||
vidhiḥ sādhāraṇo yatra | :vidhiḥ sādhāraṇo yatra | ||
sargāḥ prākṛta-vaikṛtāḥ | :sargāḥ prākṛta-vaikṛtāḥ | ||
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==== SYNONYMS ==== | ==== SYNONYMS ==== | ||
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''ayam''—this process of creation and annihilation; ''tu''—but; ''brahmaṇaḥ''—of Brahmā; ''kalpaḥ''—his one day; ''sa-vikalpaḥ''—along with the duration of the universes; ''udāhṛtaḥ''—exemplified; ''vidhiḥ''—regulative principles; ''sādhāraṇaḥ''—in summary; ''yatra''—wherein; ''sargāḥ''—creation; ''prākṛta''—in the matter of material nature; ''vaikṛtāḥ''—disbursement. | |||
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==== TRANSLATION ==== | ==== TRANSLATION ==== | ||
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This process of creation and annihilation described in summary herein is the regulative principle during the duration of Brahmā's one day. It is also the regulative principle in the creation of mahat, in which the material nature is dispersed. | This process of creation and annihilation described in summary herein is the regulative principle during the duration of Brahmā's one day. It is also the regulative principle in the creation of mahat, in which the material nature is dispersed. | ||
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==== PURPORT ==== | ==== PURPORT ==== | ||
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There are three different types of creation, called mahā-kalpa, vikalpa and kalpa. In the mahā-kalpa the Lord assumes the first puruṣa incarnation as Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu with all the potencies of the mahat-tattva and the sixteen principles of creative matter and instruments. The creative instruments are eleven, the ingredients are five, and all of them are products of mahat, or materialistic ego. These creations by the Lord in His feature of Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu are called mahā-kalpa. The creation of Brahmā and dispersion of the material ingredients are called vikalpa, and the creation by Brahmā in each day of his life is called kalpa. Therefore each day of Brahmā is called a kalpa, and there are thirty kalpas in terms of Brahmā's days. This is also confirmed in the Bhagavad-gītā ([[BG 8.17]]) as follows: | There are three different types of creation, called ''mahā-kalpa'', ''vikalpa'' and ''kalpa''. In the ''mahā-kalpa'' the Lord assumes the first ''puruṣa'' incarnation as Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu with all the potencies of the ''mahat-tattva'' and the sixteen principles of creative matter and instruments. The creative instruments are eleven, the ingredients are five, and all of them are products of ''mahat'', or materialistic ego. These creations by the Lord in His feature of Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu are called ''mahā-kalpa''. The creation of Brahmā and dispersion of the material ingredients are called ''vikalpa'', and the creation by Brahmā in each day of his life is called ''kalpa''. Therefore each day of Brahmā is called a ''kalpa'', and there are thirty ''kalpas'' in terms of Brahmā's days. This is also confirmed in the ''Bhagavad-gītā'' ([[BG 8.17 (1972)|BG 8.17]]) as follows: | ||
:sahasra-yuga-paryantam | :''sahasra-yuga-paryantam'' | ||
:ahar yad brahmaṇo viduḥ | :''ahar yad brahmaṇo viduḥ'' | ||
:rātiṁ yuga-sahasrāntāṁ | :''rātiṁ yuga-sahasrāntāṁ'' | ||
:te 'ho-rātra-vido janāḥ | :''te 'ho-rātra-vido janāḥ'' | ||
In the upper planetary system the duration of one complete day and night is equal to one complete year of this earth. This is accepted even by the modern scientist and attested by the astronauts. Similarly, in the region of still higher planetary systems the duration of day and night is still greater than in the heavenly planets. The four yugas are calculated in terms of the heavenly calendars and accordingly are twelve thousand years in terms of the heavenly planets. This is called a divya-yuga, and one thousand divya-yugas make one day of Brahmā. The creation during the day of Brahmā is called kalpa, and the creation of Brahmā is called vikalpa. When vikalpas are made possible by the breathing of Mahā-Viṣṇu, this is called a mahā-kalpa. There are regular and systematic cycles of these mahā-kalpas, vikalpas and kalpas. In answer to Mahārāja Parīkṣit's question about them, Śukadeva Gosvāmī answered in the Prabhāsa-khaṇḍa of the Skanda Purāṇa. They are as follows: | In the upper planetary system the duration of one complete day and night is equal to one complete year of this earth. This is accepted even by the modern scientist and attested by the astronauts. Similarly, in the region of still higher planetary systems the duration of day and night is still greater than in the heavenly planets. The four ''yugas'' are calculated in terms of the heavenly calendars and accordingly are twelve thousand years in terms of the heavenly planets. This is called a ''divya-yuga'', and one thousand ''divya-yugas'' make one day of Brahmā. The creation during the day of Brahmā is called ''kalpa'', and the creation of Brahmā is called ''vikalpa''. When ''vikalpas'' are made possible by the breathing of Mahā-Viṣṇu, this is called a ''mahā-kalpa''. There are regular and systematic cycles of these ''mahā-kalpas'', ''vikalpas'' and ''kalpas''. In answer to Mahārāja Parīkṣit's question about them, Śukadeva Gosvāmī answered in the ''Prabhāsa-khaṇḍa'' of the ''Skanda Purāṇa''. They are as follows: | ||
:prathamaḥ śveta-kalpaś ca | :''prathamaḥ śveta-kalpaś ca'' | ||
:dvitīyo nīla-lohitaḥ | :''dvitīyo nīla-lohitaḥ'' | ||
:vāmadevas tṛtīyas tu | :''vāmadevas tṛtīyas tu'' | ||
:tato gāthāntaro 'paraḥ | :''tato gāthāntaro 'paraḥ'' | ||
:rauravaḥ pañcamaḥ proktaḥ | :''rauravaḥ pañcamaḥ proktaḥ'' | ||
:ṣaṣṭhaḥ prāṇa iti smṛtaḥ | :''ṣaṣṭhaḥ prāṇa iti smṛtaḥ'' | ||
:saptamo 'tha bṛhat-kalpaḥ | :''saptamo 'tha bṛhat-kalpaḥ'' | ||
:kandarpo 'ṣṭama ucyate | :''kandarpo 'ṣṭama ucyate'' | ||
:sadyotha navamaḥ kalpa | :''sadyotha navamaḥ kalpa'' | ||
:īśāno daśamaḥ smṛtaḥ | :''īśāno daśamaḥ smṛtaḥ'' | ||
:dhyāna ekādaśaḥ proktas | :''dhyāna ekādaśaḥ proktas'' | ||
:tathā sārasvato 'paraḥ | :''tathā sārasvato 'paraḥ'' | ||
:trayodaśa udānas tu | :''trayodaśa udānas tu'' | ||
:garuḍo 'tha caturdaśaḥ | :''garuḍo 'tha caturdaśaḥ'' | ||
:kaurmaḥ pañcadaśo jñeyaḥ | :''kaurmaḥ pañcadaśo jñeyaḥ'' | ||
:paurṇamāsī prajāpateḥ | :''paurṇamāsī prajāpateḥ'' | ||
:ṣoḍaśo nārasiṁhas tu | :''ṣoḍaśo nārasiṁhas tu'' | ||
:samādhis tu tato 'paraḥ | :''samādhis tu tato 'paraḥ'' | ||
:āgneyo viṣṇujaḥ sauraḥ | :''āgneyo viṣṇujaḥ sauraḥ'' | ||
:soma-kalpas tato 'paraḥ | :''soma-kalpas tato 'paraḥ'' | ||
:dvāviṁśo bhāvanaḥ proktaḥ | :''dvāviṁśo bhāvanaḥ proktaḥ'' | ||
:supumān iti cāparaḥ | :''supumān iti cāparaḥ'' | ||
:vaikuṇṭhaś cārṣṭiṣas tadvad | :''vaikuṇṭhaś cārṣṭiṣas tadvad'' | ||
:valī-kalpas tato 'paraḥ | :''valī-kalpas tato 'paraḥ'' | ||
:saptaviṁśo 'tha vairājo | :''saptaviṁśo 'tha vairājo'' | ||
:gaurī-kalpas tathāparaḥ | :''gaurī-kalpas tathāparaḥ'' | ||
:māheśvaras tathā proktas | :''māheśvaras tathā proktas'' | ||
:tripuro yatra ghātitaḥ | :''tripuro yatra ghātitaḥ'' | ||
:pitṛ-kalpas tathā cānte | :''pitṛ-kalpas tathā cānte'' | ||
:yaḥ kuhūr brahmaṇaḥ smṛtā | :''yaḥ kuhūr brahmaṇaḥ smṛtā'' | ||
Therefore the thirty kalpas of Brahmā are: (1) Śveta-kalpa, (2) Nīlalohita, (3) Vāmadeva, (4) Gāthāntara, (5) Raurava, (6) Prāṇa, (7) Bṛhat-kalpa, (8) Kandarpa, (9) Sadyotha, (10) Īśāna, (11) Dhyāna, (12) Sārasvata, (13) Udāna, (14) Garuḍa, (15) Kaurma, (16) Nārasiṁha, (17) Samādhi, (18) Āgneya, (19) Viṣṇuja, (20) Saura, (21) Soma-kalpa, (22) Bhāvana, (23) Supuma, (24) Vaikuṇṭha, (25) Arciṣa, (26) Valī-kalpa, (27) Vairāja, (28) Gaurī-kalpa, (29) Māheśvara, (30) Paitṛ-kalpa. | Therefore the thirty ''kalpas'' of Brahmā are: (1) Śveta-kalpa, (2) Nīlalohita, (3) Vāmadeva, (4) Gāthāntara, (5) Raurava, (6) Prāṇa, (7) Bṛhat-kalpa, (8) Kandarpa, (9) Sadyotha, (10) Īśāna, (11) Dhyāna, (12) Sārasvata, (13) Udāna, (14) Garuḍa, (15) Kaurma, (16) Nārasiṁha, (17) Samādhi, (18) Āgneya, (19) Viṣṇuja, (20) Saura, (21) Soma-kalpa, (22) Bhāvana, (23) Supuma, (24) Vaikuṇṭha, (25) Arciṣa, (26) Valī-kalpa, (27) Vairāja, (28) Gaurī-kalpa, (29) Māheśvara, (30) Paitṛ-kalpa. | ||
These are Brahmā's days only, and he has to live months and years up to one hundred, so we can just imagine how many creations there are in kalpas only. Then again there are vikalpas, which are generated by the breathing of Mahā-Viṣṇu, as stated in the Brahma-saṁhitā (yasyaika-niśvasita-kālam athāvalambya jīvanti loma-vilajā jagadaṇḍa-nāthāḥ ( | These are Brahmā's days only, and he has to live months and years up to one hundred, so we can just imagine how many creations there are in ''kalpas'' only. Then again there are ''vikalpas'', which are generated by the breathing of Mahā-Viṣṇu, as stated in the ''Brahma-saṁhitā'' (''yasyaika-niśvasita-kālam athāvalambya jīvanti loma-vilajā jagadaṇḍa-nāthāḥ'' (BS 5.48)). The Brahmās live only during the breathing period of Mahā-Viṣṇu. So the exhaling and inhaling of Viṣṇu are ''mahā-kalpas'', and all these are due to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, for no one else is the master of all creations. | ||
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Revision as of 14:52, 24 May 2021
A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
TEXT 46
- ayaṁ tu brahmaṇaḥ kalpaḥ
- savikalpa udāhṛtaḥ
- vidhiḥ sādhāraṇo yatra
- sargāḥ prākṛta-vaikṛtāḥ
SYNONYMS
ayam—this process of creation and annihilation; tu—but; brahmaṇaḥ—of Brahmā; kalpaḥ—his one day; sa-vikalpaḥ—along with the duration of the universes; udāhṛtaḥ—exemplified; vidhiḥ—regulative principles; sādhāraṇaḥ—in summary; yatra—wherein; sargāḥ—creation; prākṛta—in the matter of material nature; vaikṛtāḥ—disbursement.
TRANSLATION
This process of creation and annihilation described in summary herein is the regulative principle during the duration of Brahmā's one day. It is also the regulative principle in the creation of mahat, in which the material nature is dispersed.
PURPORT
There are three different types of creation, called mahā-kalpa, vikalpa and kalpa. In the mahā-kalpa the Lord assumes the first puruṣa incarnation as Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu with all the potencies of the mahat-tattva and the sixteen principles of creative matter and instruments. The creative instruments are eleven, the ingredients are five, and all of them are products of mahat, or materialistic ego. These creations by the Lord in His feature of Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu are called mahā-kalpa. The creation of Brahmā and dispersion of the material ingredients are called vikalpa, and the creation by Brahmā in each day of his life is called kalpa. Therefore each day of Brahmā is called a kalpa, and there are thirty kalpas in terms of Brahmā's days. This is also confirmed in the Bhagavad-gītā (BG 8.17) as follows:
- sahasra-yuga-paryantam
- ahar yad brahmaṇo viduḥ
- rātiṁ yuga-sahasrāntāṁ
- te 'ho-rātra-vido janāḥ
In the upper planetary system the duration of one complete day and night is equal to one complete year of this earth. This is accepted even by the modern scientist and attested by the astronauts. Similarly, in the region of still higher planetary systems the duration of day and night is still greater than in the heavenly planets. The four yugas are calculated in terms of the heavenly calendars and accordingly are twelve thousand years in terms of the heavenly planets. This is called a divya-yuga, and one thousand divya-yugas make one day of Brahmā. The creation during the day of Brahmā is called kalpa, and the creation of Brahmā is called vikalpa. When vikalpas are made possible by the breathing of Mahā-Viṣṇu, this is called a mahā-kalpa. There are regular and systematic cycles of these mahā-kalpas, vikalpas and kalpas. In answer to Mahārāja Parīkṣit's question about them, Śukadeva Gosvāmī answered in the Prabhāsa-khaṇḍa of the Skanda Purāṇa. They are as follows:
- prathamaḥ śveta-kalpaś ca
- dvitīyo nīla-lohitaḥ
- vāmadevas tṛtīyas tu
- tato gāthāntaro 'paraḥ
- rauravaḥ pañcamaḥ proktaḥ
- ṣaṣṭhaḥ prāṇa iti smṛtaḥ
- saptamo 'tha bṛhat-kalpaḥ
- kandarpo 'ṣṭama ucyate
- sadyotha navamaḥ kalpa
- īśāno daśamaḥ smṛtaḥ
- dhyāna ekādaśaḥ proktas
- tathā sārasvato 'paraḥ
- trayodaśa udānas tu
- garuḍo 'tha caturdaśaḥ
- kaurmaḥ pañcadaśo jñeyaḥ
- paurṇamāsī prajāpateḥ
- ṣoḍaśo nārasiṁhas tu
- samādhis tu tato 'paraḥ
- āgneyo viṣṇujaḥ sauraḥ
- soma-kalpas tato 'paraḥ
- dvāviṁśo bhāvanaḥ proktaḥ
- supumān iti cāparaḥ
- vaikuṇṭhaś cārṣṭiṣas tadvad
- valī-kalpas tato 'paraḥ
- saptaviṁśo 'tha vairājo
- gaurī-kalpas tathāparaḥ
- māheśvaras tathā proktas
- tripuro yatra ghātitaḥ
- pitṛ-kalpas tathā cānte
- yaḥ kuhūr brahmaṇaḥ smṛtā
Therefore the thirty kalpas of Brahmā are: (1) Śveta-kalpa, (2) Nīlalohita, (3) Vāmadeva, (4) Gāthāntara, (5) Raurava, (6) Prāṇa, (7) Bṛhat-kalpa, (8) Kandarpa, (9) Sadyotha, (10) Īśāna, (11) Dhyāna, (12) Sārasvata, (13) Udāna, (14) Garuḍa, (15) Kaurma, (16) Nārasiṁha, (17) Samādhi, (18) Āgneya, (19) Viṣṇuja, (20) Saura, (21) Soma-kalpa, (22) Bhāvana, (23) Supuma, (24) Vaikuṇṭha, (25) Arciṣa, (26) Valī-kalpa, (27) Vairāja, (28) Gaurī-kalpa, (29) Māheśvara, (30) Paitṛ-kalpa.
These are Brahmā's days only, and he has to live months and years up to one hundred, so we can just imagine how many creations there are in kalpas only. Then again there are vikalpas, which are generated by the breathing of Mahā-Viṣṇu, as stated in the Brahma-saṁhitā (yasyaika-niśvasita-kālam athāvalambya jīvanti loma-vilajā jagadaṇḍa-nāthāḥ (BS 5.48)). The Brahmās live only during the breathing period of Mahā-Viṣṇu. So the exhaling and inhaling of Viṣṇu are mahā-kalpas, and all these are due to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, for no one else is the master of all creations.