CC Madhya 24.331 (1975): Difference between revisions

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Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta (1975) - Madhya-līlā - Chapter 24: The Sixty-One Explanations of the Atmārāma Verse

Madhya-līlā 24.330 - Madhya-līlā 24.332

Compare Versions: CC 1975 with CC 1996

His Divine Grace
A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

TEXT 331

mantra-adhikārī, mantra-siddhy-ādi-śodhana

dīkṣā, prātaḥ-smṛti-kṛtya, śauca, ācamana

SYNONYMS

mantra-adhikārī—qualification for receiving mantra initiation; mantra-siddhi-ādi—the perfection of the mantra and so on; śodhana—purification; dīkṣā—initiation; prātaḥ-smṛti-kṛtya—morning duties and remembrance of the Supreme Lord; śauca—cleanliness; ācamana—washing the mouth and other parts of the body.

TRANSLATION

"You should discuss the qualifications necessary for receiving a mantra, the perfection of the mantra, the purification of the mantra, initiation, morning duties, remembrance of the Supreme Lord, cleanliness, and washing the mouth and other parts of the body.

PURPORT

The following injunction is given in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (1.194):

tāntrikeṣu ca mantreṣu

dīkṣāyāṁ yoṣitām api

sādhvīnām adhikāro 'sti

śūdrādīnāṁ ca sad-dhiyām

"Śūdras and women who are chaste and sincerely interested in understanding the Absolute Truth are qualified to be initiated with the pāñcarātrika-mantras." This is also confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā (BG 9.32):

māṁ hi pārtha vyapāśritya

ye 'pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayaḥ

striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās

te 'pi yānti parāṁ gatiṁ

"O son of Pṛthā, those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth-women, vaiśyas [merchants], as well as śūdras [workers]-can approach the supreme destination."

If one actually wants to serve Kṛṣṇa, it doesn't matter whether one is a śūdra, vaiśya, or even a woman. If one is sincerely eager to chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra or dīkṣā-mantra, he is qualified to be initiated according to the pāñcarātrika process. According to Vedic principles, only a brāhmaṇa who is fully engaged in his occupational duties can be initiated. Śūdras and women are not admitted to a vaidika initiation. Unless one is fit according to the estimation of the spiritual master, one cannot accept a mantra from the pāñcarātrika-vidhi or the vaidika-vidhi. When one is fit to accept the mantra, he is initiated by the pāñcarātrika-vidhi or the vaidika-vidhi. In any case, the result is the same.

Regarding mantra-siddhi-ādi-śodhana, the efficiency of the mantra, Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura gives sixteen divisions, which are confirmed in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (beginning with 1.204):

siddha-sādhya-susiddhāri-

kramāj jñeyo vicakṣaṇaiḥ

These are (1) siddha, (2) sādhya, (3) susiddha and (4) ari. These four principles can be divided further: (1) siddha-siddha, (2) siddha-sādhya, (3) siddha-susiddha, (4) siddha-ari, (5) sādhya-siddha, (6) sādhya-sādhya, (7) sādhya-susiddha, (8) sādhya-ari, (9) susiddha-siddha, (10) susiddha-sādhya, (11) susiddha-susiddha, (12) susiddha-ari, (13) ari-siddha, (14) ari-sādhya, (15) ari-susiddha, and (16) ari-ari.

Those who are initiated with the eighteen-alphabet mantra do not need to consider the above-mentioned sixteen divisions. As enjoined in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (1.215, 219, 220):

na cātra śātravā doṣā

narṇasvādi-vicāraṇā

ṛkṣarāśi-vicāro vā

na kartavyo manau priye

nātra cintyo 'ri-śuddhyādir

nāri-mitrādi-lakṣaṇam siddha-sādhya-susiddhāri-

rūpā nātra vicāraṇā

There is śodhana, or purification of the mantra, but there is no such consideration for the Kṛṣṇa mantra. Balitvāt kṛṣṇa-mantrāṇāṁ saṁskārāpekṣaṇaṁ na hi. "The Kṛṣṇa mantra is so strong that there is no question of śodhana. (1.235)

As far as dīkṣā is concerned, one should consult Madhya-līlā, Chapter Fifteen (108). On the whole, when a person is initiated according to the pāñcarātrika-vidhi, he has already attained the position of a brāhmaṇa. This is enjoined in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (2.12):

yathā kāñcanatāṁ yāti

kāṁsyaṁ rasa-vidhānataḥ

tathā dīkṣā-vidhānena

dvijatvaṁ jāyate nṛṇām

"As bell metal can be turned into gold when treated with mercury, a disciple initiated by a bona fide guru immediately attains the position of a brāhmaṇa."

As far as the time of dīkṣā (initiation) is concerned, everything depends on the position of the guru. As soon as a bona fide guru is received by chance or by a program, one should immediately take the opportunity to receive initiation. In the book called Tattva-sāgara, it is stated:

durlabhe sad-gurūṇāṁ ca

sakṛt-saṅga upasthite

tad-anujñā yadā labdhā

sa dīkṣāvasaro mahān

grāme vā yadi vāraṇye

kṣetre vā divase niśi

āgacchati gurur daivād

yathā dīkṣā tad-ājñayā

yadaivecchā tadā dīkṣā

guror ājñānurūpataḥ

na tīrthaṁ na vrataṁ hemo

na snānaṁ na japa-kriyā

dīkṣāyāḥ karaṇaṁ kintu

svecchā-prāpte tu sad-gurau

"If, by chance, one gets a sad-guru, it doesn't matter whether one is in the temple or the forest. If the sad-guru, the bona fide spiritual master, agrees, one can be initiated immediately, without waiting for a suitable time or place."

In the early morning hours (known as brāhma-muhūrta) one should get up and immediately chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra, or, at least, "Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa." In this way, one should remember Kṛṣṇa. Some ślokas or prayers should also be chanted. By chanting, one immediately becomes auspicious and transcendental to the infection of material qualities. Actually one has to chant and remember Lord Kṛṣṇa twenty-four hours daily, or as much as possible.

smartavyaḥ satataṁ viṣṇur

vismartavyo na jātucit

sarve vidhi-niṣedhāḥ syur

etayor eva kiṅkarāḥ

"Kṛṣṇa is the origin of Lord Viṣṇu. He should always be remembered and never forgotten at any time. All the rules and prohibitions mentioned in the śāstras should be the servants of these two principles." This is a quotation from padma Purāṇa in the portion called Bṛhat-sahasra-nāma-stotra. prātaḥ-kṛtya means that one should evacuate regularly and then cleanse himself by taking a bath. One has to gargle (ācamana) and brush his teeth (danta-dhāvana). He should do this either with twigs or a toothbrush-whatever is available. This will purify the mouth. Then one should take his bath. Actually householders and vānaprasthas should bathe two times a day (prātar-madhyāhnayoḥ snānaṁ vānaprastha-gṛhasthayoḥ). A sannyāsī should bathe three times daily, and a brahmacārī may take only one bath a day. Whenever one is not able to bathe in water, he can bathe by chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra. One also has to perform his sandhyādi-vandana-that is, one has to chant his Gāyatrī mantra three times daily-morning, noon and evening.

Madhya-līlā 24.330 - Madhya-līlā 24.332

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+{{CompareVersions|CC|Madhya 24.331|CC 1975|CC 1996}}
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-''Below is the 1996 edition text, ready to be substituted with the 1975 one using the compile form.''
 ==== TEXT 331 ====
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 <div class="translation">
-“You should discuss the qualifications necessary for receiving a mantra, the perfection of the mantra, the purification of the mantra, initiation, morning duties, remembrance of the Supreme Lord, cleanliness and washing the mouth and other parts of the body.
+"You should discuss the qualifications necessary for receiving a mantra, the perfection of the mantra, the purification of the mantra, initiation, morning duties, remembrance of the Supreme Lord, cleanliness, and washing the mouth and other parts of the body.
 </div>
@@ Line 32: / Line 31: @@
 <div class="purport">
-The following injunction is given in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (1.194) regarding mantra-adhikārī, the qualification for receiving mantra initiation:
+The following injunction is given in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (1.194):
+:tāntrikeṣu ca mantreṣu
+:dīkṣāyāṁ yoṣitām api
+:sādhvīnām adhikāro 'sti
+:śūdrādīnāṁ ca sad-dhiyām
+:"Śūdras and women who are chaste and sincerely interested in understanding the Absolute Truth are qualified to be initiated with the pāñcarātrika-mantras." This is also confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā ([[BG 9.32 (1972)|BG 9.32]]):
+:māṁ hi pārtha vyapāśritya
+:ye 'pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayaḥ
+:striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās
+:te 'pi yānti parāṁ gatiṁ
-:tāntrikeṣu ca mantreṣu dīkṣāyāṁ yoṣitām api
+"O son of Pṛthā, those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth-women, vaiśyas [merchants], as well as śūdras [workers]-can approach the supreme destination."
-:sādhvīnām adhikāro ‘sti śūdrādīnāṁ ca sad-dhiyām
-“Śūdras and women who are chaste and sincerely interested in understanding the Absolute Truth are qualified to be initiated with the pāñcarātrika-mantras.” This is confirmed by Lord Kṛṣṇa in the Bhagavad-gītā ([[BG 9.32 (1972)|BG 9.32]]):
-:māṁ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye ‘pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayaḥ
+If one actually wants to serve Kṛṣṇa, it doesn't matter whether one is a śūdra, vaiśya, or even a woman. If one is sincerely eager to chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra or dīkṣā-mantra, he is qualified to be initiated according to the pāñcarātrika process. According to Vedic principles, only a brāhmaṇa who is fully engaged in his occupational duties can be initiated. Śūdras and women are not admitted to a vaidika initiation. Unless one is fit according to the estimation of the spiritual master, one cannot accept a mantra from the pāñcarātrika-vidhi or the vaidika-vidhi. When one is fit to accept the mantra, he is initiated by the pāñcarātrika-vidhi or the vaidika-vidhi. In any case, the result is the same.
-:striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās te ‘pi yānti parāṁ gatiṁ
-“O son of Pṛthā, those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth—women, vaiśyas [merchants] and śūdras [workers]—can attain the supreme destination.”
-If one actually wants to serve Kṛṣṇa, it doesn’t matter whether one is a śūdra, vaiśya or even a woman. If one is sincerely eager to chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra or dīkṣā-mantra, one is qualified to be initiated according to the pāñcarātrika process. However, according to Vedic principles, only a brāhmaṇa who is fully engaged in his occupational duties can be initiated. Śūdras and women are not admitted to a vaidika initiation. Unless one is fit according to the estimation of the spiritual master, one cannot accept a mantra from the pāñcarātrika-vidhi or the vaidika-vidhi. When one is fit to accept the mantra, one is initiated by the pāñcarātrika-vidhi or the vaidika-vidhi. In any case, the result is the same.
-Regarding mantra-siddhy-ādi-śodhana, the efficacy of the mantra, Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura gives sixteen divisions, which are confirmed in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (beginning with 1.204):
+Regarding mantra-siddhi-ādi-śodhana, the efficiency of the mantra, Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura gives sixteen divisions, which are confirmed in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (beginning with 1.204):
-:siddha-sādhya-susiddhāri-
+siddha-sādhya-susiddhāri-
 :kramāj jñeyo vicakṣaṇaiḥ
 These are (1) siddha, (2) sādhya, (3) susiddha and (4) ari. These four principles can be divided further: (1) siddha-siddha, (2) siddha-sādhya, (3) siddha-susiddha, (4) siddha-ari, (5) sādhya-siddha, (6) sādhya-sādhya, (7) sādhya-susiddha, (8) sādhya-ari, (9) susiddha-siddha, (10) susiddha-sādhya, (11) susiddha-susiddha, (12) susiddha-ari, (13) ari-siddha, (14) ari-sādhya, (15) ari-susiddha, and (16) ari-ari.
-Those who are initiated with the eighteen-syllable mantra do not need to consider the above-mentioned sixteen divisions. As enjoined in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (1.215, 219, 220):
-:na cātra śātravā doṣā narṇasvādi-vicāraṇā
+Those who are initiated with the eighteen-alphabet mantra do not need to consider the above-mentioned sixteen divisions. As enjoined in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (1.215, 219, 220):
-:ṛkṣa-rāśi-vicāro vā na kartavyo manau priye
-:nātra cintyo ‘ri-śuddhyādir nāri-mitrādi-lakṣaṇam
+:na cātra śātravā doṣā
-:siddha-sādhya-susiddhāri-rūpā nātra vicāraṇā
+narṇasvādi-vicāraṇā
+:ṛkṣarāśi-vicāro vā
+:na kartavyo manau priye
+:nātra cintyo 'ri-śuddhyādir
+nāri-mitrādi-lakṣaṇam
+siddha-sādhya-susiddhāri-
+:rūpā nātra vicāraṇā
+There is śodhana, or purification of the mantra, but there is no such consideration for the Kṛṣṇa mantra. Balitvāt kṛṣṇa-mantrāṇāṁ saṁskārāpekṣaṇaṁ na hi. "The Kṛṣṇa mantra is so strong that there is no question of śodhana. (1.235)
+As far as dīkṣā is concerned, one should consult Madhya-līlā, Chapter Fifteen (108). On the whole, when a person is initiated according to the pāñcarātrika-vidhi, he has already attained the position of a brāhmaṇa. This is enjoined in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (2.12):
+:yathā kāñcanatāṁ yāti
+:kāṁsyaṁ rasa-vidhānataḥ
+:tathā dīkṣā-vidhānena
+:dvijatvaṁ jāyate nṛṇām
-There is śodhana, or purification of the mantra, but there is no such consideration for the Kṛṣṇa mantra. Balitvāt kṛṣṇa-mantrāṇāṁ saṁskārāpekṣaṇaṁ na hi: “The Kṛṣṇa mantra is so strong that there is no question of śodhana.” (Hari-bhakti-vilāsa 1.235)
+"As bell metal can be turned into gold when treated with mercury, a disciple initiated by a bona fide guru immediately attains the position of a brāhmaṇa."
-As far as dīkṣā is concerned, one should consult Madhya-līlā 15.108. On the whole, when a person is initiated according to the pāñcarātrika-vidhi, he has already attained the position of a brāhmaṇa. This is enjoined in the Hari-bhakti-vilāsa (2.12):
-:yathā kāñcanatāṁ yāti kāṁsyaṁ rasa-vidhānataḥ
-:tathā dīkṣā-vidhānena dvijatvaṁ jāyate nṛṇām
-“As bell metal can be turned into gold when treated with mercury, a disciple initiated by a bona fide guru immediately attains the position of a brāhmaṇa.”
 As far as the time of dīkṣā (initiation) is concerned, everything depends on the position of the guru. As soon as a bona fide guru is received by chance or by a program, one should immediately take the opportunity to receive initiation. In the book called Tattva-sāgara, it is stated:
-:durlabhe sad-gurūṇāṁ ca sakṛt-saṅga upasthite
+:durlabhe sad-gurūṇāṁ ca
-:tad-anujñā yadā labdhā sa dīkṣāvasaro mahān
+:sakṛt-saṅga upasthite
-:grāme vā yadi vāraṇye kṣetre vā divase niśi
+:tad-anujñā yadā labdhā
-:āgacchati gurur daivād yathā dīkṣā tad-ājñayā
+:sa dīkṣāvasaro mahān
-:yadaivecchā tadā dīkṣā guror ājñānurūpataḥ
+:grāme vā yadi vāraṇye
-:na tīrthaṁ na vrataṁ hemo na snānaṁ na japa-kriyā
+:kṣetre vā divase niśi
-:dīkṣāyāḥ karaṇaṁ kintu svecchā-prāpte tu sad-gurau
+:āgacchati gurur daivād
+:yathā dīkṣā tad-ājñayā
+:yadaivecchā tadā dīkṣā
+:guror ājñānurūpataḥ
+:na tīrthaṁ na vrataṁ hemo
+:na snānaṁ na japa-kriyā
+:dīkṣāyāḥ karaṇaṁ kintu
+:svecchā-prāpte tu sad-gurau
-“If by chance one gets a sad-guru, it doesn’t matter whether one is in the temple or the forest. If the sad-guru, the bona fide spiritual master, agrees, one can be initiated immediately, without waiting for a suitable time or place.”
+"If, by chance, one gets a sad-guru, it doesn't matter whether one is in the temple or the forest. If the sad-guru, the bona fide spiritual master, agrees, one can be initiated immediately, without waiting for a suitable time or place."
-Concerning prātaḥ-smṛti, remembrance of the Lord in the morning, in the early morning hours (known as brāhma-muhūrta) one should get up and immediately chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra, or at least “Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa.” In this way, one should remember Kṛṣṇa. Some ślokas or prayers should also be chanted. By chanting, one immediately becomes auspicious and transcendental to the infection of material qualities. Actually one has to chant and remember Lord Kṛṣṇa twenty-four hours daily, or as much as possible:
-:smartavyaḥ satataṁ viṣṇur vismartavyo na jātucit
-:sarve vidhi-niṣedhāḥ syur etayor eva kiṅkarāḥ
-“Kṛṣṇa is the origin of Lord Viṣṇu. He should always be remembered and never forgotten at any time. All the rules and prohibitions mentioned in the śāstras should be the servants of these two principles.” This is a quotation from the Padma Purāṇa, from the portion called Bṛhat-sahasra-nāma-stotra.
+In the early morning hours (known as brāhma-muhūrta) one should get up and immediately chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra, or, at least, "Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa, Kṛṣṇa." In this way, one should remember Kṛṣṇa. Some ślokas or prayers should also be chanted. By chanting, one immediately becomes auspicious and transcendental to the infection of material qualities. Actually one has to chant and remember Lord Kṛṣṇa twenty-four hours daily, or as much as possible.
-The word prātaḥ-kṛtya in the present verse of the Caitanya-caritāmṛta means that one should evacuate regularly in the morning and then cleanse himself by taking a bath. One has to gargle (ācamana) and brush his teeth (danta-dhāvana). He should do this either with twigs or a toothbrush—whatever is available. This will purify the mouth. Then one should take his bath. Actually householders and vānaprasthas should bathe two times a day (prātar-madhyāhnayoḥ snānaṁ vānaprastha-gṛhasthayoḥ). A sannyāsī should bathe three times daily, and a brahmacārī may take only one bath a day. Whenever one is not able to bathe in water, he can bathe by chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra. One also has to perform his sandhyādi-vandana—that is, one has to chant his Gāyatrī mantra three times daily—morning, noon and evening.
+:smartavyaḥ satataṁ viṣṇur
+:vismartavyo na jātucit
+:sarve vidhi-niṣedhāḥ syur
+:etayor eva kiṅkarāḥ
+"Kṛṣṇa is the origin of Lord Viṣṇu. He should always be remembered and never forgotten at any time. All the rules and prohibitions mentioned in the śāstras should be the servants of these two principles." This is a quotation from padma Purāṇa in the portion called Bṛhat-sahasra-nāma-stotra. prātaḥ-kṛtya means that one should evacuate regularly and then cleanse himself by taking a bath. One has to gargle (ācamana) and brush his teeth (danta-dhāvana). He should do this either with twigs or a toothbrush-whatever is available. This will purify the mouth. Then one should take his bath. Actually householders and vānaprasthas should bathe two times a day (prātar-madhyāhnayoḥ snānaṁ vānaprastha-gṛhasthayoḥ). A sannyāsī should bathe three times daily, and a brahmacārī may take only one bath a day. Whenever one is not able to bathe in water, he can bathe by chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra. One also has to perform his sandhyādi-vandana-that is, one has to chant his Gāyatrī mantra three times daily-morning, noon and evening.
 </div>